I tāngia anō mai i "Digital Dharma Circle": He tuhinga hei mārama: Te whanaungatanga i waenga i te ERP me te CRM, MRP, PLM, APS, MES, QMS, WMS, SRM.
I ēnei rā, ahakoa he mahi hanga, he kamupene hokohoko, he pakihi kaupapa rānei, ina puta te kaupapa o te mamati me te mōhiohio, ka pēnei te āhua:
◦ Rangatira: “Me whakatinana e tātou he ERP?”
◦ Upoko Mahi: “Kāore ianei tātou e hiahia ana ki tētahi CRM ināianei?”
◦ Upoko Whakaputa: "Ā, me pēhea te MES? Te āhua nei kāore i te matatau te korenga o tētahi."
◦ IT: "Inaa, ko te APS, ko te PLM, ko te QMS, ko te WMS, ko te SRM… he mea nui katoa ēnei."
Kātahi ka wahangu te rūma hui mō te 3 hēkona.
Kāore tetahi e maia ki te karanga nā te mea kāore tetahi e taea te whakamārama mārama: He aha rawa te whanaungatanga i waenga i ēnei pūnaha? He matatau ake tētahi i tētahi? Ki te nui ake, he tikanga rānei kua nui ake tō pūkenga?
I roto i te tuhinga o te rā nei, kāore au e tautoko i ngā kaihoko, i ngā kamupene tohutohu rānei. Ka tū noa ahau mai i te tirohanga o ngā mahi pakihi tūturu, ā, ka whakamārama i ēnei pūnaha:
● Ngā mahi a rātou
● He aha ngā raruraru e whakatauhia ana e rātou
● Tō rātou whanaungatanga ki te ERP
● Āhea me whakatinana, āhea hoki kāore e whakatinana
Kia maumahara ki tētahi rerenga kōrero:
Ehara te ERP i te ritenga kē o ngā pūnaha katoa; ko te pūnaha io matua ia.
1. Tuatahi, me whakamārama tātou i te mea tino pōhēhē:
ERP(Whakamahere Rauemi Pakihi)ehara i te mahi motuhake; he huinga o ngā turanga whakahaere.
He tokomaha te hunga e whakaaro ana ki te ERP, ā, ko tā rātou urupare tuatahi ko: te pūnaha pūtea, te whakahaere rawa, te nama me te pupuri pukapuka… E 30% noa iho tēnei e tika ana. Ko te ERP tino pakari e pā ana ki ngā mea e toru:
1. Te whakakotahi i ngā paerewa raraunga
2. Te whakauru i ngā tukanga pakihi
3. Te whakauru i ngā ture whakahaere
I ētahi atu kupu:
Ko te ERP te kaiwhakahaere o te whakahaere o te hinonga, ehara i te mea ko te whakahaere o tētahi tari motuhake.
Nō reira, ko ngā pūnaha ka rongo koe i muri mai—CRM, MRP, PLM, APS, MES, QMS, WMS, SRM—kāore tetahi o ēnei e whakakapi i te ERP. He iti noa iho ngā āheinga o te ERP, he toronga rānei o te ERP.
Me wehewehea takitahi.
II. ERP me CRM: Mā tetahi e whakahaere te hanga moni, mā tetahi e whakahaere te haumaru o ngā kiritaki
He aha te mahi a te CRM (Whakahaere Hononga Kaihoko)?
Ki te kī māmā noa, kotahi te mahi a te CRM: ka huri i ngā hoko mai i te tukanga kare ā-roto ki tētahi mea ka taea te whakahaere, te arotake, me te tārua.
E arotahi ana ki:
• Nō hea ngā kiritaki (ngā kaiārahi)
• Ko wai kei te whai ake (kaihoko)
• Kei tēhea taumata te whai ake
• Mehemea kei te tūpono te ngaronga o te kirimana
• Mehemea ka taea te hokohoko atu i muri i te katinga
Nā, he aha te mea e whakahaerehia ana e te ERP?
E aro nui ana te ERP ki:
• Mehemea ka whakaaetia tēnei ota
• He aha te utu
• Mēnā ka taea te tatau mārama i te hua katoa
• Ahakoa he porowhita kati te tuku, te nama, me te kohi utu
Ka pēnei te mārama: Ko te CRM te kaiwhakahaere o te utunga o mua, ko te ERP te kaiwhakahaere o te tautoko o muri.
Ka riro ngā whakaritenga i roto i te CRM, ā, ka whakatutukihia, ka whakatauhia, ka whakaurua hoki ki roto i te ERP.
Ki te kore he ERP, ahakoa he maha ngā mahi CRM, ka raru tonu te pūtea, te taonga, me te tuku. Ki te kore he CRM, ahakoa he ERP katoa, ka whakawhirinaki katoa ngā hoko o mua ki te aroturuki ā-ringa me te kare ā-roto.
I roto i te poto: Mō ngā umanga e ārahi ana i te hokohoko, meCRM + ERPte mahi tahi, kaua e whiriwhiri i tētahi i tētahi.
III. ERP me te MRP: Ehara te MRP i te Pūnaha Motuhake, engari he Pūkenga
Koinei te mea tino hē te mārama.
He aha rawa te MRP?
MRP = Te Whakamahere i ngā Whakaritenga Rauemi. Ko tōna arorau matua he rerenga kotahi noa iho:
I runga i ngā ota me ngā rarangi taonga, tatauhia he aha hei hoko, te nui hei hoko, me te wā hei hoko.
Kia mahara, i mea ahau me tatau.
He aha tōna hononga ki te ERP?
I roto i te ERP o ēnei rā: Ko te MRP tētahi o ngā kōwae matua o te ERP. Arā, ki te kore ngā raraunga taketake mai i te ERP (BOM, rarangi taonga, ota), kāore e taea te tika o ngā tataunga MRP.
Ki te hoko koe i tētahi pūnaha MRP takitahi, ko te tūponotanga pea:
• Me kawemai ā-ringa ngā raraunga
• Me whakatau ā-ringa ngā hua
• Kei te whakawhirinaki tonu koe ki ngā kare ā-roto i muri i te tataunga
Ehara i te korenga o te MRP te raru o te nuinga o ngā umanga, engari:
• BOM hē
• He rarangi taonga hē
• Ngā huringa raupapa pōrearea
Kātahi ka whakapae rātou i te pūnaha mō te hē. Mena he hē ngā tataunga MRP, 90% o te wā he raruraru raraunga taketake, ehara i te raruraru raupaparorohiko.
IV. ERP me PLM: Mā tetahi e whakahaere te hoko, mā tetahi e whakahaere te hoahoa
He aha te mahi a te PLM?
PLM = Whakahaere Huringa Ora o te Hua. E arotahi ana ki:
• Hanganga hua (BOM)
• Ngā tuhi, ngā tuhinga tukatuka
• Ngā huringa putanga
• Ngā paerewa hangarau
I roto i te poto, ka whakahaerehia e PLM te hua mai i te hoahoa ki te whakaotinga.
Āhea te wā e hiahiatia ai te PLM e te ERP?
Mena kei roto koe i te ahumahi hanga kore-paerewa, he maha ngā putanga o āu hua, he maha rānei ngā whakarerekētanga hoahoa, kāore pea i te rawaka te whakahaere BOM kua whakauruhia ki roto i te ERP.
I tēnei wā, me whakamahi koe i te PLM hei whakahaere i ngā raraunga hangarau i te tīmatanga, me te ERP hei whakahaere i te whakaputanga, te hoko, me te utu i te backend, arā:
• Mā te PLM e whakatau te mea hei whakamahi mā te hoahoa
• Ka whakatau te ERP i ngā mea hei hoko, hei whakamahi, me te nui o te moni hei whakapau
Ki te kore e whakauruhia ngā pūnaha e rua, ko te raru pea ko: ko te utu ko V3, ko ngā hoko e ai ki te V2, ka tatauhia te utu i runga i te V1, ā, ko te kamupene katoa ka pikau ngātahi i te hē.
V. ERP me APS: Ka tatau tetahi mēnā me mahi, ka tatau tetahi me pēhea te whakarite i te wā tika
He aha te mahi a APS?
APS = Te Whakamahere me te Whakaritenga Matatau. Ka whakatauhia he āhuatanga tino motuhake, uaua hoki: he nui rawa ngā ota, he iti noa ngā rauemi, he poto rawa ngā rā kati, ā, kāore e taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga ā-ringa.
Ka arotahi a APS ki te kaha o ngā taputapu, te raupapatanga o ngā tukanga, ngā utu whakawhiti, me te kaupapa matua o te tuku.
Kāore e taea e te ERP te whakahaere i te whakaritenga whakaputa?
Ka taea, engari ko te ERP he mea nui ake ki te whakamahere matawhānui, ko te APS ia he mea nui ake ki te whakarite i ngā mahi taipitopito.
Ka taea e koe te mārama penei:
• E whakamārama ana te ERP ki a koe: Te nui o te whakaputa i tēnei marama
• E kī ana a APS ki a koe: Ko tēhea raupapa me mahi tuatahi tēnei mīhini āpōpō
Āhea me whakatinana te APS?
Ehara i te mea ina tae koe ki tētahi tauine, engari ina tutuki i a koe ēnei āhuatanga:
• He nui te momo, he iti te rahinga
• Ngā huringa maha o te rā tuku
• Ngā ārai taputapu e kitea ana
Ki te kore, ahakoa kua whakatinanahia te APS, tera pea ka kitea e koe he tūtohi Gantt ataahua i te mea kāore tonu te papa o te toa e whai ana i aua tūtohi.
VI. ERP me MES: Kei te Tari tētahi, kei te Papa Toa tētahi
He aha ngā mea e whakahaerehia ana e te MES?
MES = Pūnaha Whakahaere Hanga. Ka aroturukihia e ia:
• Te whakatinanatanga o te ota mahi
• Pūrongo tukanga
• Tūnga taputapu
• Ngā okotahi whakaputa
I roto i te poto, ko MES te kaiwhakahaere o ngā mahi e tū ana i te papa o te toa.
He aha ngā mea e whakahaerehia ana e te ERP?
Ka whakahaerehia e te ERP ngā mahere, ngā utu, ngā rauemi, me te whakataunga.
Ko te raruraru mō te nuinga o ngā umanga he ātaahua ngā mahere ERP, engari ko te whakahaerenga o ngā papa mahi ka whakawhirinaki katoa ki ngā rōpū WeChat me ngā papa ma. Hei whakamutunga, ka tāuruhia ngā raraunga katoa ki te ERP i muri i te mahi.
Ko te huarahi tika ko:
• Ngā mahere whakaputa ERP
• Ka tukuna e MES he urupare ā-wā tonu mō te whakatinanatanga
• Ka hoki aunoa te utu me te ahunga whakamua
Ki te kore, ka noho tonu te ERP hei pūnaha "kaiārahi-anake" ake ake.
VII. ERP me te QMS: Ka whakahaere tetahi i ngā hua, ka whakahaere tetahi i ngā tukanga
He aha te mahi a te QMS?
QMS = Pūnaha Whakahaere Kounga.Ka aroturukihia e ia:
● Te tirotiro e haere mai ana
● Te tirotiro i roto i te tukanga
● Te tirotiro haere atu
● Ngā kore e tutuki i ngā whakaritenga, ngā mahi whakatikatika, ngā mahi ārai
He rawaka te kōwae kounga i roto i te ERP?
Mō ngā pakihi iti, āe. Mō ngā ahumahi he nui ngā whakaritenga kounga, kāo.
Nā te mea ko te kaupapa kounga i roto i te ERP he mea nui ake mō te tuhi me ngā hua, engari ko te QMS he mea nui ake:
● Whakahaere tukanga
● Te Aroturukitanga
● Whakapai ake pūnaha
Ko te QMS te kawenga mō te whakahaere i te kounga, ko te ERP te kawenga mō te pānga o ngā hua kounga ki te utu me te tuku.
VIII. ERP me te WMS: Ka whakahaere tetahi i ngā pukapuka, ka whakahaere tetahi i ngā wāhi
He aha te mahi a te WMS?
WMS = Pūnaha Whakahaere Whare Putunga. Ka whakatauhia e ia:
● Whakahaere tauwāhi
● Ngā ara kōwhiri
● Ngā tau puranga, ngā rā paunga
● Ngā waehere pae, te matawai
Kāore ianei he taonga kei roto i te ERP?
Ae, engari ko te ERP he mea nui ake mō ngā pūkete rahinga me ngā pūkete uara, ko te WMS ia e whakahaere ana i:
● Kei hea ngā taonga
● Me pēhea te tiki atu
● Nā wai i hē
Āhea koe e hiahia ai ki te WMS?
Ina tūtaki koe ki:
● He tika ngā tatau taonga, engari he pōrearea ngā wāhi
● Ko te kimi taonga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wheako
● He nui te utu mō te tuku i ngā taonga hē
Koinei te āhuatanga noa mō te ERP me te WMS.
IX. ERP me te SRM: Ka whakahaere tetahi i ngā tukanga ā-roto, ka whakahaere tetahi i te mahi tahi a ngā kaiwhakarato
He aha te mahi a te SRM?
SRM = Whakahaere Hononga Kaiwhakarato. Ka aroturukihia e ia:
● Te mahi a te kaiwhakarato
● Ngā wā tuku, te kounga
● Te mahi tahi a te houhanga rongo
● Te māramatanga o te hoko
Kāore i te rawaka te waeine hoko i roto i te ERP?
Ae, engari ko ngā tukanga o roto anake ka whakatauhia.
Ka whakatauhia e te SRM ngā raruraru mahi tahi a ngā whakahaere maha, pēnei i:
● Ngā kaiwhakarato e whakaū ana i ngā ota ipurangi
● Te whakataurite ipurangi
● Te whakahaere ā-pōkairua i ngā take kounga
X. Whakarāpopototanga Whakamutunga
Ka taea e koe te maumahara tika ki tēnei hoahoa whanaungatanga:
● ERP: Pūtake whakahaere umanga
● CRM: Te taha mua o te hokohoko
● MRP: Te āheinga tatau rauemi
● PLM: Pūtake hua me te hangarau
● APS: Utauta whakaritenga matatau
● MES: Utauta whakahaere papa toa
● QMS: Pūnaha kounga
● WMS: Te whakahaere i te whare putunga
● SRM: Te mahi tahi me te mekameka tuku taonga
Ehara i te mea he pai ake te maha o ngā pūnaha.
Engari,He pai ake te whakaoti i tō raruraru tino uaua o nāianei mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha motuhake?
——Te Mutunga——
Wā tuku: Hanuere-30-2026